Which amendment protects individuals from cruel and unusual punishment?

The Eighth Amendment is specifically designed to protect individuals from cruel and unusual punishment. This amendment is a part of the Bill of Rights and reflects the foundational principle that punishments should be proportionate to the crime committed. It was established to ensure that individuals, particularly those who are incarcerated, are treated humanely and not subjected to torturous or excessively harsh penalties.

The concept of "cruel and unusual punishment" has been interpreted by the courts over time to include penalties that are grossly disproportionate to the offense. This amendment also works to prevent inhumane treatment within the criminal justice system, serving as a safeguard against excessive bail and fines, ensuring a level of dignity and respect for people within the judicial process.